Macular degeneration, medically known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is an important eye disease that affects the center of vision. In this condition, the cells in the macula — the central part of the retina — become damaged over time. As a result, the person cannot clearly see the center of the objects they look at, and blurred or dark areas appear.

Although the disease cannot be completely eliminated, there are several effective methods that can slow its progression and help preserve visual quality. Ophthalmology specialist Op. Dr. Diclehan emphasizes that proper nutrition, regular examinations, and appropriate treatment methods make a significant difference in this process.

The Importance of Nutrition in Macular Degeneration

Nutrition plays a major role in protecting eye health. Foods rich in antioxidants help protect macular cells from the harmful effects of free radicals.

Op. Dr. Diclehan recommends that patients with macular degeneration include the following foods in their diet:

• Leafy green vegetables: Spinach, chard, and broccoli contain lutein and zeaxanthin, which protect the retina from oxidative stress.
• Fish and seafood: Salmon, sardines, and tuna are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which support retinal cell renewal.
• Colorful fruits: Blueberries, oranges, and carrots are high in vitamin C and support vascular health.
• Walnuts and almonds: Rich in vitamin E and zinc, which help strengthen eye tissues.

These foods help slow degeneration in the eye. Op. Dr. Diclehan notes that smokers especially should consume antioxidant-rich foods more frequently.

Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

When patients cannot get enough antioxidants through diet, supplements may be used under medical supervision.

According to Op. Dr. Diclehan, clinical research shows that the following are particularly beneficial:

• Vitamin C
• Vitamin E
• Zinc
• Lutein and zeaxanthin
• Omega-3 fatty acids

These supplements protect retinal cells from oxidative stress. However, supplements should not be taken randomly — each patient’s needs are different, so treatment must be guided by a doctor.

Intravitreal Injections in Macular Degeneration
In wet macular degeneration, one of the most effective treatments is anti-VEGF intravitreal injections. These medications block abnormal blood vessel formation under the retina and reduce leakage. When applied regularly, they can stop or slow vision loss.

Op. Dr. Diclehan stresses that these injections must be performed in sterile conditions by an experienced ophthalmologist to minimize complications. When started early, injections can significantly reduce vision loss.

Laser Treatment and Photodynamic Therapy

In some patients, laser treatment is used to seal leaking blood vessels under the retina. This method is especially effective in selected wet-type cases.

Photodynamic therapy combines medication administered intravenously with laser light to target abnormal blood vessels and stop leakage.

Op. Dr. Diclehan emphasizes that both treatments should be planned individually, and when applied to the right patient, long-term vision preservation can be achieved.

Daily Precautions for Macular Degeneration
Slowing the progression of macular degeneration is possible not only through medical treatment but also with lifestyle changes.

Recommendations from Op. Dr. Diclehan include

• Stop smoking — nicotine narrows vessels and accelerates cell damage.
• Wear sunglasses — UV light damages macular cells.
• Control blood pressure and cholesterol — vascular health directly affects eye health.
• Exercise regularly — improves blood circulation and oxygen supply to the retina.
• Do not skip annual eye examinations — early diagnosis is key to preventing vision loss.

These simple lifestyle measures help slow disease progression and preserve visual function.

Supportive and Complementary Approaches

Some patients benefit from supportive practices alongside medical treatment. Methods such as acupuncture, eye massage, herbal supplements, or meditation do not cure the disease but may help reduce stress and improve overall well-being.

Op. Dr. Diclehan warns that such approaches must never replace medical treatment and should always be supervised by a physician. Stopping medical treatment may accelerate vision loss.

Macular degeneration is a disease that cannot be fully cured but can be controlled. With healthy nutrition, vitamin support, regular eye check-ups, and appropriate treatment, vision loss can be slowed. Developing the right lifestyle habits is just as important as treatment.

With extensive experience, Op. Dr. Diclehan provides each patient with a personalized treatment plan that includes both medical and lifestyle-based approaches to protect eye health. It should never be forgotten that early diagnosis and regular follow-up are the most effective ways to preserve vision in macular degeneration.