Macular degeneration (age-related macular degeneration) occurs when the macula — the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision — becomes damaged over time. This condition reduces visual quality, especially in older adults, and if left untreated, may lead to permanent vision loss.
Although there is no completely curative treatment, the progression of the disease can be slowed with the right vitamin and mineral support.

Eye specialist Op. Dr. Diclehan emphasizes the importance of nutrition, stating:
“The most effective way to fight macular degeneration is to benefit from vitamins and antioxidants that strengthen eye tissue.”

The Role of Vitamins in Macular Degeneration

Retinal cells consume a high amount of oxygen and are therefore very sensitive to the harmful effects of free radicals. Antioxidant vitamins play an important role in protecting the eye tissue.
These vitamins support cellular renewal, slow macular damage, and help preserve visual function.

Op. Dr. Diclehan notes that vitamins A, C, and E, along with zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin, and omega-3 fatty acids, are particularly beneficial in macular degeneration.

The Most Beneficial Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant. It neutralizes free radicals in the eye tissues and prevents retinal cell damage.
Oranges, kiwis, strawberries, and broccoli are natural sources.
Op. Dr. Diclehan states that regular intake of vitamin C may slow disease progression.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E protects cell membranes and reduces oxidative stress. It prevents cellular destruction caused by free radicals.
Almonds, hazelnuts, sunflower seeds, and avocados are rich in vitamin E.

Vitamin A

Vitamin A is essential for retinal cell renewal and supports vision in low-light conditions.
Carrots, spinach, liver, and egg yolk are rich sources.
According to Op. Dr. Diclehan, vitamin A deficiency may cause dry eyes and reduced vision.

Zinc

Zinc works together with vitamins C and E to protect retinal cells and helps the eye use vitamin A effectively.
Seafood, eggs, red meat, and whole grains are high in zinc.
Op. Dr. Diclehan notes that zinc supplements may be particularly beneficial in wet-type macular degeneration.

Lutein and Zeaxanthin

These carotenoids are naturally found in the macula and filter harmful blue light, protecting retinal cells.
Spinach, kale, broccoli, and egg yolk are good sources.
According to Op. Dr. Diclehan, regular intake may help slow vision loss.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3 supports retinal cell function and reduces inflammation.
Salmon, sardines, and walnuts are rich in omega-3.
These fatty acids also support moisture balance on the eye surface and improve oxygen supply.

Vitamin Supplements or Natural Nutrition?

Vitamin supplements may help some patients, but they must be taken under medical supervision. Excess vitamin intake may cause toxicity.
Op. Dr. Diclehan warns:
“Balanced, natural nutrition is the most effective method for eye health. Supplements should only be used when necessary and as supportive therapy.”

Including colorful vegetables, fruits, fish, olive oil, and nuts in daily meals provides natural antioxidant protection — and is safer and more effective in the long term.

Expert Opinion on Vitamin Use in Macular Degeneration

Vitamins play an important supportive role in treatment — but they are not sufficient alone.
Op. Dr. Diclehan explains:
“Vitamins do not stop the disease completely, but they can significantly slow its progression.”
When combined with treatments such as injections, laser therapy, and proper nutrition, visual function can be better preserved.

Regular eye examinations are important to determine individual vitamin needs, as every person’s eye structure, metabolism, and diet are different.

Vitamins help protect the macula and reduce cellular damage.
Vitamins C, E, and A along with zinc, lutein, and omega-3 fatty acids  are among the most effective nutritional supporters for eye health.
With balanced nutrition, avoiding smoking, and regular medical follow-up, the progression of macular degeneration can be significantly slowed.

Holistic-care specialist Op. Dr. Diclehan emphasizes that the best results are achieved when vitamins are used together with appropriate medical treatment  and that creating an individualized nutrition plan is the most effective way to support long-term vision health.